Night Vision vs. Thermal Optics: A Comprehensive Guide for Outdoor Enthusiasts

As an outdoor enthusiast, you likely have come across the terms "night vision" and "thermal imaging" when looking at equipment like binoculars or monoculars. No doubt, some of you are well-versed in using various night vision technologies and have read many other articles covering this subject. For everyone else, or for those who need a refresher, this article covers multiple aspects of night vision technology, including questions like:

• What is the difference between “night vision” and “thermal” (or is there a difference), and where did these technologies come from?
• What are the tradeoffs I should consider between different types of night vision technologies?
• Should I buy a thermal optic? What are practical use cases for using thermal optics?
• Is it legal to hunt with thermal optics in my state?
• Can I travel with my thermal optics from state to state?
• Can I travel internationally with night vision or thermal optics?

Overview & Origins of Night Vision Technologies

Hunter’s Moon - the Original Night Vision

Hunting at night is not a modern concept; Native Americans had the right idea long ago.

The seasonal moon called the “Hunter’s Moon” is the first full moon following the “Harvest Moon.” The Harvest Moon is the full moon occurring during the fall equinox in late September, typically occurring during, you guessed it, harvest season. Native American Tribes had many names for the seasonal moons, reflecting various unique customs, but the names generally referred to the winter cold, harvest season, and the best times for hunting and fishing.

Native Americans knew that following the Harvest Moon, plump wild game, fattened by the spring and summer grazing season, wouldn’t be able to hide as easily in the flattened fields after the harvest, making it the perfect time to hunt deer and other mostly nocturnal animals at by moonlight. The Hunter’s Moon shines bright and hangs long in the sky, providing a natural “night vision” for these early hunters.

Night Vision Terminology and Types

Before we get too much further, let’s clarify some terminology that confuses people sometimes. The term “night vision,” in its broadest sense, means the ability to see in no or low-light conditions, either naturally through what’s called scotopic vision or artificially with the help of night vision technology. Scoptic vision refers to the eyes’ ability to see in low-light or dark conditions. Owls, cats, deer, foxes - all have excellent scotopic vision, for example, and our hunt-for-your-food-or-die ancestors likely had much better scotopic vision than we do.

When it comes to artificial night vision, the term “night vision” is sometimes used to refer to all technologies that help us nocturnally inferior humans see better under low or no-light conditions. Furthermore, the same term is also commonly used to describe a specific subcategory of night vision technology, specifically image intensification technologies that amplify existing natural ambient light sources, like the moon and stars, or artificial light sources, like IR illuminators.

In general, there are two basic categories of night vision technologies:

• Image Intensification - Amplifies light from external sources.
• Thermal Imaging - Uses the infrared energy (also known as the heat signature) emitted by living things and other objects. Generally, the greater the difference in emitted heat between an object and its surroundings, the better the visual contrast between them. Warm objects in the snow, for example, stand out very clearly.

Sometimes, image intensification technologies are further broken into two subcategories based on whether or not the night vision device (NVD) simply uses natural light sources, like starlight or moonlight, or if the NVD requires an active/artificial light source. So, depending on who you talk to, some may say there are actually three basic categories of artificial night vision technology:

1. Image Intensification - Amplifies light from natural sources, like the moon or stars.
2. Active Illumination - Amplifies light from artificial/external sources, like IR illuminators. If you have a Ring Doorbell or a Nest security camera at your home, you already have an Active Illumination night vision device since each one of these products uses IR illumination to record video at night.
3. Thermal Imaging - Relies on infrared heat signatures instead of external light sources.

So, now armed with all of this information, let’s get back to the multiple uses of the term “night vision and talk about how it’s used in day-to-day hunting and other outdoor situations. When discussing specific consumer optics products on the market that help humans see in low-light or no-light situations, typically “Night Vision” broadly refers to devices that require some kind of light source, whether a natural ambient light source like the stars or moon (Image Intensification) or from an external/active light source, like an IR illuminator (Active Illumination). The term “Thermal” refers to devices that rely on heat signatures - also called infrared signatures or thermal signatures - from living things or other objects.

Confused yet?

Here’s a hypothetical scenario to help clarify how confusing this could be to a night vision newbie. The newbie is talking to their hunting pal, an experienced hunter who loves hunting wild pigs in Texas at night, and asks:

Newbie: “I’m thinking about hunting wild hogs at night; what do I need?”

Friend: “Need ya some night vision, so you do.”

Newbie: “Well, what kind of night vision?”

Friend: “Yeah, there are different kinds, but I’d probably just get some night vision.”

Newbie: “What? I thought you said there were different kinds of night vision?”

Friend: “Yes, that’s right. There’s night vision and thermal.”

Newbie: “I’m still confused.”

Friend: “Well, there’s night vision night vision, and there’s also thermal night vision.”

Newbie: “So there are two kinds of night vision technology. One is called night vision and the other is called thermal?”

Friend: “Yep, you got it.”

The Texas hog hunter just used the term “night vision” to describe both the general category of any device that helps you see better at night as well as the specific category of night vision technology requiring a light source. But, in the hunting community, you’ll never hear someone say, “Hey man - you need an active illumination device to hunt hogs at night.” They’ll either say, “Get a night vision optic,” or more likely, “Get a thermal optic.”

Night Vision - Refers to the ability to see in low or no light, with or without artificial assistance

• (Artificial) Night Vision = Broad category of technologies enabling humans to see in low or no light
  • Night Vision = Specific category of technologies intensifying either natural light sources, for example, stars or moonlight, or active light sources such as IR illuminators
  • Thermal Imagery = Technology using an object’s emitted heat signature or infrared radiation signature and does not require a light source
• (Natural) Night Vision = Also called scotopic vision, is the natural ability of a living thing to see in low or no light

Thermal vs. Night Vision Tradeoffs

Here’s a rough breakdown to help make sense of the tradeoffs between “Night Vision” and “Thermal” optics. There are likely exceptions to be found here and there, depending on products at the low or high end of the spectrum (pardon the pun) of each category:

Thermal imaging typically provides multiple image color palettes, as seen here. Source: Carl Zeiss Sport Optics

Use Cases for Hunting, the Outdoors, and More

So, you think you may want to buy a night vision or thermal optic. What types of products are available, and what are typical use cases?

Night Vision & Thermal Products for Sale

Night vision and thermal optics for consumers are typically available in three basic product types:

1. Monoculars - e.g. Zeiss DTI 4/35 Thermal Handheld Monocular or Bushnell Equinox Z2 Night Vision Monocular - 6x 50mm
   
   
   The Zeiss DTI 4/35 Thermal Imaging Monocular
   
2. Binoculars - e.g. Pulsar Merger LRF XP50 Thermal Binocular
   
   
   Pulsar Merger LRF XP50 Thermal Binocular
   
3. Weapon Mounted Optics
   
   1. Traditional Riflescopes - e.g. Pulsar Thermion 2 LRF XQ50 PRO Thermal Riflescope
   2. Compact Riflescopes - e.g. Armasight Contractor 320 6-24x50 Thermal Weapon Sight or Sightmark Wraith 4K Mini 2-16x32 Digital Day/Night Vision Riflescope
   3. Clip-On Optics - e.g. Leica CALONOX Sight
      
      
      Armasight Contractor 320 3-12x25 Thermal Weapon Sight
      
      
      Pulsar Thermion 2 LRF XQ50 PRO Thermal Riflescope

Using Night Vision & Thermal for Hunting, Scouting, Wildlife Watching, Camping, and Personal Security

Beyond hunting at night, there are various use cases for night vision or thermal, but let’s start with the more advanced version of hunting under the Hunter’s Moon…

Hunting with Night Vision or Thermal Optics

Most hunters know about the exciting nighttime pig-hunting opportunities in Texas, Georgia, and other places in the United States. But many other states also provide lawful night-hunting opportunities. The Pennsylvania 2023-2024 hunting regulations, for example, state that it is unlawful to use, “... any device that emits any light beam, infrared beam, ultraviolet light beam, radio beam, thermal beam, ultrasonic beam, particle beam or other beam that is visible outside of the device or on the target, with the exception of furbearer hunters who now can use handheld and sporting-arm mounted night-vision and infrared (thermal) optics for hunting coyotes, foxes, bobcats, raccoons, striped skunks, opossums, and weasels.”

Generally, when legally hunting at night, it’s helpful to have both a weapon-mounted optic (obviously) and also a handheld optic, like a thermal monocular. Why? First, and most importantly, it's very dangerous to be swinging your firearm around in the dark just to use the weapon-mounted thermal to locate and identify game! But also, imagine the situation...you're sitting in the dark, wondering what's walking around in front of you. You either continuously, and dangerously use your (possibly heavy) weapon-mounted optic to scan your surroundings, which is a bit awkward, especially if inside the tight quarters of a hunting blind. Or, you more nimbly, and safely scan with a lightweight monocular slung around your neck. Once you see that coyote strolling out into view through your thermal monocular responding to your predator call, grab the rifle with the weapon-mounted thermal, and you’re good to go.

Check the “Can I Hunt with Night Vision or Thermal in my State?” section below for more details about state-to-sate hunting regulations, and always check with your local state fish and game department as laws change.

Wildlife Watching

Night vision and thermal binoculars and monoculars are also great for watching wildlife, even if hunting isn’t necessarily your thing. It’s fun to watch critters walking around in the dark, catching a glimpse into a wild night-time world few people see. Point a thermal monocular at a pine tree and see how many glowing orbs of roosted songbirds hang on the branches like ornaments, for example. Keep a thermal in your backpack while hiking to spot animals or birds during the day or night, and then snap a pic or tap record on your device to capture memories to enjoy or share later. Capture incredible videos of owls and other nocturnal predators on the prowl, or record evidence of the neighbor’s cat trespassing once again into your flowerbed at night, leaving behind little surprises for you to find later.

Scouting & Spotting

Scouting is more or less the same as wildlife watching, except that scouting is typically associated with pre-hunting-season activities or looking for wild game during the hunting season while not actively hunting with a weapon. For pre-season scouting, handheld night vision or thermal devices complement trail cameras, even trail cameras with night vision capabilities, providing opportunities for highly mobile nighttime scouting not possible with trail cameras alone. Jump in a UTV, drive around, and stop periodically to quickly scan open fields or brushy areas with your handheld thermal. Go for a walk to spot roosted turkeys and bedded deer or elk.

It’s a blast and provides even more scouting intel to help you prep for the upcoming season. You may even change up your trail cam locations based on what you see on your night-time scouting adventures.

The term “spotting” is typically reserved for “trying to find game during the hunting season” while actively hunting with a weapon. And some states do not distinguish “scouting during the hunting season without a weapon,” “spotting,” or “hunting.” To many states, these actvities, for the purposes of the hunting regulations, are all categorized as hunting. So, once again, check local hunting regulations, especially when considering using handheld thermals during the hunting season. Not every state permits using handheld thermals during the hunting season, even when no weapon is present.

If you can lawfully use handheld thermal devices for spotting game, then keep a trusty monocular in your pack at all times. Again, thermal night vision is great for detecting the heat signatures from animals during the daytime and in low-light situations, even when single or herds of animals are partially or entirely concealed by foliage.

Putting Zeiss DTI Thermal Monoculars to the Test

The Guidefitter crew recently put the new Zeiss DTI 1/25 and Zeiss DTI 4/50 Thermal Monoculars through their paces in Montana, and we had a blast. Both monoculars connect easily to the Zeiss mobile hunting app for easy set-up. The Zeiss Hunting App allows you to connect to the DTI Thermal Monoculars for configuration and to download recorded photos and videos. Both models have internal storage charged by a common USB-C cable, digital zoom, and eight color settings, including Red Hot and Black Hot, our favorites. The DTI 4 excelled in overall functionality, picking up heat profiles from distances well over 800 yards with solid image clarity, and the DTI 1 also performed flawlessly. Here are a few photos recorded on each device from our short time in the field.

Please check local regulations before using a thermal optic for wildlife viewing.

Zeiss DTI 1/25

Zeiss DTI 4/50

Explore Zeiss DTI Thermal Monoculars

Animal Recovery

Thermal optics are a perfect tool for quick and ethical animal recovery during hunting. Opportunities for harvesting animals often occur at dusk, creating tricky night-time recovery operations even with well-placed shots. Residual heat signatures from animal footprints and blood trails increase the odds of quick recovery considerably vs. headlamps or flashlights alone.

Animal recovery during daylight hours can also be enhanced with thermal optics, depending on temperature differences of the surroundings, footprints, blood trails, and the animal itself. Generally, the cooler the day, the more visual contrast, making it easier to spot heat signatures.

Wounded animals also look for places to hide in thick brush, making tracking and recovery extremely challenging in some cases. Once again, with the ability to see through the fog and most foliage, a thermal monocular can mean the difference for a swift and successful recovery operation.

Hiking, Camping & Personal Security

Night vision or thermal optics are great additions to a hiking or camping outing, providing solutions for safely and stealthily hiking and walking trails in low light conditions. These devices also help provide personal security while camping, enabling you to quickly answer the age-old nighttime camping question, “What was that noise!?!” with a quick scan of the camping area outside your tent or RV using a lightweight thermal monocular.

Even in a non-camping setting, thermal devices can be useful for general personal and home security situations. You don’t have to be camping to hear a noise at night, and thermal technology can quickly reveal people walking around in the dark outside your home or differentiate between parked cars that recently arrived, with their glowing engine compartments, vs. cooler cars that have been parked for a while.

History of Night Vision Technology

Where did this technology come from? The short answer is, as is the case with many of the cool consumer gadgets we love to use in civilian life, it developed out of necessity during wartime.

It all started in 1929, when Hungarian physicist, Kálmán Tihanyi, invented the first infrared-sensing (night vision) camera for anti-aircraft defense in the United Kingdom, which he patented in Germany, France, the UK, the United States, and other countries. Throughout his life, Tihanyi was a prolific inventor and filed his first patent at 16 (!). Later, he joined the Hungarian Royal Army and was awarded the Bronze Medal for Bravery for his actions during the conflict in the Battle of the Eastern Carpathian Mountains in 1916. After that, he stopped being a soldier and started developing electronic and other devices for the Hungarian army, including remote underwater detonators and land mines. At one point, after the German occupation of Hungary, he was arrested during WW2 by the Gestapo, suspected of being an MI6 agent, and was held in isolation for five months. After the war, he returned to work, where he had a reputation for working 16-17 hours per day on average. What a badass inventor, engineer, and military man.

After Tihanyi’s 1929 invention, the German company Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AG (“General Electricity Company”) or “AEG,” started developing night vision devices in 1935 and provided the German military with the first military night vision device in 1939. In 1943, the German army began mounting these “Nachtjäger” (night fighter) devices on Panther tanks. Soon after, the Germans equipped their infantry with “Vampir” portable night vision devices mounted to Sturmgewehr (StG) 44 assault rifles.

M3 Sniperscope with rubberized canvas backpack to carry a large 12-volt battery for active IR illumination. Unaltered photo courtesy of Curiosandrelics, under Creative Commons.

While the Germans were developing their Nachtjäger devices, the US also developed “sniperscope” night vision technology based on the 30 caliber M1 carbine rifle platform. An early version of this technology was deployed in active theater during WW2 in the Pacific. Later, the M3 night vision system improved the early M1-based prototypes and deployed in 1945 in WW2, based on the M2 carbine. It’s estimated that 30% of the Japanese casualties caused by small arms fire during the first week of the battle of Okinawa were from night vision-equipped M3 carbines. These early entrants into the night vision arena by the US were active illumination devices (we covered that type of night vision device above) requiring a large infrared light source to illuminate targets, mostly for snipers.

Kálmán Tihanyi’s 1929 invention and all other night vision technologies used prior to the end of WW2 are considered Generation 0 or “Gen 0” devices for short. The "generation" classification system for night vision technologies originated as a way to categorize the technological advancements in night vision devices. This system helps to differentiate between the various levels of technology and performance capabilities.

Gen 0

• Technology: Active infrared technology.
• Image Quality: Poor, often distorted.
• Range: Limited to short distances.
• Usage: Primarily used during World War II and the Korean War.
• Drawbacks: Requires an external source of infrared light, making the user visible to anyone else with night vision capabilities.

Gen 1

• Technology: Passive infrared technology.
• Image Quality: Moderate, with some distortion at the edges.
• Range: Up to 75 yards.
• Usage: Introduced in the 1960s, widely used during the Vietnam War.
• Drawbacks: Still required some ambient light (e.g., moonlight) to function effectively.

Gen 2

• Technology: Micro-channel plate (MCP) for image amplification.
• Image Quality: Good, with less edge distortion.
• Range: Up to 200 yards.
• Usage: Developed in the 1970s.
• Drawbacks: Higher cost compared to Gen 1 devices.

Gen 3

• Technology: Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) photocathode and ion barrier film.
• Image Quality: Excellent, with high resolution.
• Range: Up to 300 yards or more.
• Usage: Introduced in the 1990s, currently used by the U.S. military.
• Drawbacks: Even higher cost, but considered the standard for professional use.

Gen 4

• Technology: Filmless and gated technology.
• Image Quality: Superior, with the best low-light performance.
• Range: Extended beyond 300 yards.
• Usage: Not officially recognized by the U.S. military but available in the market.
• Drawbacks: Extremely high cost, limited availability.

Thermal technologies are not part of the original "generation" classifications for night vision devices. Thermal imaging developed separately, with advances as early as 1901 that could detect the heat signature from a cow over 430 yards away and saw breakthroughs in the 1970s through military applications. While not formally classified under the "generation" system, however, thermal imaging has been integrated into select modern night vision devices to provide multi-spectral capabilities. These devices switch between traditional image intensification and thermal imaging. Thermal imaging proved crucial in various military operations, including Operation Desert Storm in the early 1990 and is now integrated into targeting and long-range surveillance systems.

U.S. Laws on Travel or Exportation of Night Vision or Thermal Optics

Many countries worldwide provide fantastic night-hunting opportunities. But, before you book your trip, review and understand the laws regarding international travel with night vision or thermal optics.

Governing Laws and Agencies:

International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR): Overseen by the U.S. Department of State, Office of Defense Trade Controls.

Export Administration Regulations (EAR): Managed by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security.

Key Aspects:

1. Export Restrictions:
   • Exporting or attempting to export night vision or thermal optics without a valid permit is unlawful.
   • Generation 4, autogated/filmless technology is not available for export.
2. Entities and Lists:
   • Sales or transfers to entities on the List of Debarred Parties, Denied Persons list, and Embargoed Countries are prohibited.
3. User Responsibility:
   • It is the end user's responsibility to request and obtain export licenses and to comply with all laws and regulations.
4. State Laws:
   • Restrictions on the use of night vision with a weapon vary from state to state. Users are advised to learn these laws. (See “Can I Hunt with Night Vision or Thermal in my State” below).
5. Penalties:
   • Violating these laws can result in civil penalties and/or constitute a federal crime.

Traveling State to State:

• While the federal laws primarily concern export outside the U.S., state laws may have restrictions on the use of night vision or thermal optics, especially when used with a weapon.

International Travel:

• Strictly prohibited without a valid export permit.
• Users should be aware of the laws of the country they are traveling to as well.

Can I Hunt with Night Vision or Thermal in my State?

Use night vision and thermal imaging technology responsibly while respecting local laws. Regulations vary from state to state for hunting implications as well as general wildlife viewing and recreational usage. To view your state's local laws and regulations surrounding the use of night vision and thermal devices, please reference the following state regulations. Many state regulations as written can be confusing, so please do not rely solely on the information provided here before hunting with night vision or thermal in any state. Always check with your local fish & game authorities before engaging in night hunting of any kind.

Click on your state to jump to it’s laws and regulations.

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

*Please note that unless otherwise stated, all information posted below is pulled directly from the corresponding state agencies whose contact info is included*

Alabama

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optic Regulations
“It shall be unlawful to possess any equipment that uses electronics to increase the ability to see in the dark (night vision equipment) while hunting any species of wildlife, both protected or unprotected species, except during the special nighttime feral swine and coyote hunting season with a valid license.”

Feral Swine and Coyote Permit
This special nighttime season permit is valid on privately owned and leased lands and cost $15 for residents and $51 for nonresidents. The season begins at 12:00 am the day after the last day of rifle deer season and ends 30 minutes prior to sunrise on the opening day of archery deer season in that hunting zone.

This information was verified by ADCNR in October 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Alabama, please visit Alabama Hunting and Wildlife Regulations.

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Alaska

General Information
Alaska does not have open-seasons for non-game species, therefore the following regulations are in regards solely to the pursuit of game animals.

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
Thermals are currently prohibited in all forms for hunting in Alaska. They can’t be used anywhere, regardless of time of day and location for hunting, scouting, recovery, etc.

“It is unlawful to use a pit, fire, laser sight (excluding rangefinders), electronically-enhanced night vision, any forward-looking infrared device, any device that has been airborne, controlled remotely, or communicates wirelessly, and used to spot or locate game with the use of a camera or video device, any camera or other sensory device that can send messages through wireless communication, artificial salt lick, explosive, expanding gas arrow, bomb, smoke, or chemicals (excluding scent lures).”

This information was verified by ADFG in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Alaska, please visit Alaska Hunting and Trapping Information, Alaska Department of Fish and Game.

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Arizona

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“Per R12-4-304, an individual shall not use or possess any electronic night vision equipment, electronically enhanced light-gathering devices, thermal imaging devices or laser sights while taking wildlife: except for devices such as laser range finders, scopes with self-illuminating reticles, and fiber optic sights with self-illuminating sights or pins that do not project a visible light onto an animal.”

Thermal Imaging Devices and Wildlife
It is unlawful to use any type of artificial light, night vision, or thermal imaging device to hunt any type of wildlife in Arizona, non-dependent if it is a game or non-game animal. This is the same for using thermals to scout for and/ or track wildlife.

Using Thermal Imaging for Recreational Wildlife Viewing
It is lawful to use thermal imaging devices for recreations wildlife viewing, same as recreational spotlighting. It would NOT be lawful if you are in possession of any type of weapon as it would be considers in “pursuit” of an animal and there for would be illegal.

This information was verified by AZGFD in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations.For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Arizona, please visit Regulations - Arizona Game & Fish Department.

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Arkansas

Thermal Hunting Regulations
Thermal hunting is permitted in the state of Arkansas for the use of controlling the Feral Hog population only. The use of thermal optics on other non-game animals such as coyotes and foxes is prohibited.

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Arkansas, please visit General Hunting Regulations.

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California

General Information
California has a vast variety of regulations in regards to hunting with artifical light/ night vision/ thermal imaging devices depeding upon what zone you are conducting your activity in throughout the state. For specific regulations regarding your intended species and zone, please contact your local fish and wildlife law enforcement department.

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“It is unlawful for one or more persons to throw or cast the rays of a spotlight, headlight, or other artificial light on a highway or in a field, woodland, or forest where game mammals, fur-bearing mammals, or nongame mammals are commonly found, or upon a game mammal, fur-bearing mammal, or nongame mammal, while having in his or her possession or under his or her control a firearm or weapon with which that mammal could be killed, even though the mammal is not killed, injured, shot at, or otherwise pursued.

It is unlawful to use or possess night vision equipment to assist in the taking of a bird, mammal, amphibian, reptile, or fish. For purposes of this subdivision, “night vision equipment” includes, but is not limited to, the following:

1. An infrared or similar light, used in connection with an electronic viewing device.
2. An optical device, including, but not limited to, binoculars or a scope, that uses electrical or battery powered light amplifying circuits.”

This information was verified by CDFW in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in California, please visit Fishing and Hunting Regulations.

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Colorado

Artificial Light Regulations
Unless otherwise provided by commission rule and except as provided in section 33-6-107 (9) for persons owning or leasing land, members of their family, or their agents, it is unlawful for any person to utilize any artificial light as an aid in hunting or taking any wildlife. For the purposes of this subsection (1), the possession of any firearm with cartridges in the chamber or magazine or loaded with powder and ball or a strung bow, unless the bow is cased, while attempting to project any artificial light into areas where wildlife may be found is prima facie evidence of a violation of this section.

A person who violates this subsection is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine of two hundred dollars and an assessment of twenty license suspension points.

Using Artificial Light for Small Game
Artificial light (private land) may be used at night to take beaver, bobcat, coyote, gray fox, raccoon, red fox, striped skunk and swift fox on private land with written permission of the landowner, designated agent, lessee, or authorized employee.

Artificial light (public land) may be used at night to take beaver, bobcat, coyote, gray fox, raccoon, red fox, striped skunk and swift fox on public lands by permit only, as follows:

• Each permit shall be valid only for the time, species, and location specified on the permit. No permit will be valid during any deer, elk or pronghorn rifle season or during the 24-hour period prior to the opening weekend; nor during the opening weekend of any grouse, pheasant, quail, turkey or waterfowl season in those areas where such seasons are in progress.
• An artificial light which is permanently attached to, or projected from within a vehicle is prohibited.
• Taking shall not be permitted within 500 yards of a dwelling, building, or other structure, or in any area of public concentration where human safety would be jeopardized.
• Such permit shall be carried while hunting and available for inspection upon demand.
• Area wildlife managers and district wildlife managers may deny a permit where there is a potential that night hunting activities may result in significant adverse impact on wildlife resources by causing movement of large numbers of big game or otherwise. Provided further that night hunting permits for bobcat will not be issued on public lands in the Canada lynx recovery area where Canada lynx are known to be present. When one Canada lynx has been taken by a bobcat hunter during the current year's hunting season no night hunting permits for bobcat will be issued for the remainder of the calendar year in the Canada lynx recovery area or in the area outside the Canada lynx recovery area where the Canada lynx was taken. In such instance, any night hunting permits for bobcat already issued under this provision shall be terminated.
• A permit shall not be required of any person, member of the person's family, lessee, designated agent, authorized employee, or identified designee with written authorization when necessary to protect such person's property. Refer to Chapter W17, Damage Caused by Wildlife for applicable regulations.

Night Vision & Thermal Imaging Device Regulations
Unless otherwise provided by commission rule and except as provided in section 33-6-107 (9) for persons owning or leasing land, members of their family, or their agents, it is unlawful for a person to utilize electronic night vision equipment, electronically enhanced light-gathering optics, or thermal imaging devices as an aid in hunting or taking wildlife outside legal hunting hours according to commission rules.

(b) A person who violates this subsection is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine of two thousand dollars and an assessment of twenty license suspension points.

Big Game and Thermal Imaging Devices
Colorado law allows thermal optics (weapon mounted and handheld) to be used as an aid in hunting or taking wildlife during legal hunting hours. However, please note that thermal imaging devices may not be used if they qualify as smart rifle technology as defined in Chapter 0 - General Provisions;

Smart Rifles

• All firearms used to take or attempt to take wildlife shall be fired only by humanly controlled, manually-operated mechanical triggers. No person shall use a smart rifle to take or attempt to take wildlife.
• “Smart Rifle” means any firearm that is equipped with one or more of the following:
  
  • A target tracking system;
  • An electronically-controlled, electronically-assisted, or computer-linked trigger;
  • A ballistics computer.

“Hunt” means to pursue, attract, stalk, lie in wait for, or attempt to shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, collect, or take wildlife. “Hunt” does not include stalking, attracting, searching, or lying in wait for wildlife by an unarmed person solely for the purpose of watching or taking photographs of wildlife. (C.R.S 33-1-102)

Use of Thermal Imaging Devices to Track and Recover Big Game
Colorado law allows thermal optics to be used as an aid in hunting or taking wildlife during legal hunting hours. Thermal optics can NOT be used outside of legal hunting hours to aid in hunting or taking wildlife.

Use of Thermal Imaging Devices for Recreational Wildlife Viewing
Colorado Parks and Wildlife does not have any laws regarding thermal imaging or night vision optics for wildlife viewing.

Non-Game Animals
For the purposes of this section, any person, any member of such person’s family, or any employee of the person may hunt, trap, or take black-billed magpies, common crows, starlings, English or house sparrows, common pigeons, coyotes, bobcats, red foxes, raccoons, jackrabbits, badgers, marmots, prairie dogs, pocket gophers, Richardson’s ground squirrels, rock squirrels, thirteen-lined ground squirrels, porcupines, crayfish, tiger salamanders, muskrats, beavers, exotic wildlife, and common snapping turtles on lands owned or leased by the person without securing licenses to do so, but only when such wildlife is causing damage to crops, real or personal property, or livestock. Any person may kill skunks or rattlesnakes when necessary to protect life or property. The pelts or hides of any mammals taken under this subsection may be transferred, possessed, traded, bartered, or sold by a person who holds an appropriate small game license.

Terrestrial Invasive Species

The following terrestrial invasive species are hereby declared to be detrimental to Colorado’s wildlife and habitat. They may be seized, captured or destroyed by the Division or its authorized agents whenever and wherever found.

• Feral hog
• Eurasian collared-dove
• European starling
• House (English) sparrow

No license is required for a person to hunt or take terrestrial invasive species. However, commercial hunting or taking of terrestrial invasive species is prohibited. No person shall receive compensation or attempt to receive compensation from the hunting of terrestrial invasive species in Colorado. Terrestrial invasive species may be taken year-round in any number by any method allowed for the take of big or small game. In addition, terrestrial invasive species may be taken at night with the use of artificial light and night vision equipment.

• Except when counted as part of the bag and possession limit for doves in #508 of these regulations, while in the field and during transport all Eurasian collared doves shall be fully feathered.

Except as authorized in writing by the Director when such release is determined to be biologically non-detrimental to Colorado’s wildlife and habitats, no person shall release terrestrial invasive species or hybrids of terrestrial invasive species in Colorado for the purpose of allowing them to run at large or otherwise facilitate the distribution or abundance of these species in Colorado.

This information was verified by CPW in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Colorado, please visitColorado Parks & Wildlife - Rules & Regs.

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Connecticut

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
There are no specific restrictions mentioned for the use of thermal optics while hunting non-game animals in the state of Connecticut.

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Connecticut, please visit Hunting and Trapping Information.

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Delaware

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
The use of night vision or infrared devices while hunting is prohibited independent of species, but raccoons and opossums may be hunted at night with the aid of a handheld light between the hours of 7 pm and 12:00 am outside of specific deer hunting seasons.

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Delaware, please visit Hunting in Delaware - DNREC Alpha.

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Florida

Feral Hog & Coyote Regulations
“On private property with landowner permission, wild hogs (and coyotes) may be hunted year-round day or night without restriction (i.e., by all lawful methods with no bar/possession limits, no size limits, and no licenses/ permits required).”

Raccoon and Opossum Regulations
Raccoons and opossums may also be hunted at night. There are no additional restrictions outlined in the regulations on restrictions of use of night vision or thermal optics while hunting non-game animals in Florida.

Thermals and Game Animals
Thermals may be used to to track and recover wounded game. Thermals may also be used to spot game animals as long as you are not actively hunting.

This information was verified by FWC in October 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Florida, please visit Hunting Regulations | FWC.

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Georgia

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
Alligators, raccoons, opossums, foxes, coyotes, bobcats, and feral hogs may be hunted at night by use of artificial light as long as said light is “carried on the body of the hunter, affixed to a helmet or hat worn by the hunter, or part of a belt system worn by the hunter.”

No additional restrictions are listed in reference to the use of thermal or night vision optics while hunting non-game animals in the state of Georgia.

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Georgia, please visit Hunting in Georgia | Department Of Natural Resources Division.

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Hawaii

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“It is illegal to hunt during the period between one-half hour after sunset and one-half hour before sunrise or to hunt utilizing any form of artificial light.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Hawaii, please visit Division of Forestry and Wildlife: Outdoor Recreation | Game Mammal Hunting.

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Idaho

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
It is legal to hunt predatory and unprotected wildlife with artificial light on public lands as long as the corresponding permit is obtained from your local IDFG regional office. If you are hunting on private land, you must have written permission from the landowner/ leasing agent. If you are solely using night vision for hunting predatory and unprotected wildlife and are not casting any light, you do not need to acquire the spotlight permit.

Predatory Animal Claificaiton
Only animals classified as predators (coyote, jackrabbit, skunk, weasel, starling, racoon, rattlesnake) can be taken using thermal imaging. Except two furbearing animal, fox and bobcat, with shooting hour exemption or artificial light permit can be taken at night using thermal imaging.

Handheld Thermal Regulations
Idaho does not regulate thermal imaging unless it is attached to a firearm or scope. It is illegal to hunt any game animal with “any electronic device attached to, or incorporated in, the firearm or scope except scopes containing battery powered or tritium lighted reticles are allowed.” The exceptions are listed above for predators, wolf, bobcat and fox.

Thermals Optics and Game Animals
It is legal to spot and track game animals with a handheld thermal device while hunting as long as it is within legal shooting hours and following all of hunting laws.

"Hunting" means chasing, driving, flushing, attracting, pursuing, worrying, following after or on the trail of, shooting at, stalking, or lying in wait for, any wildlife whether or not such wildlife is then or subsequently captured, killed, taken, or wounded. Such term does not include stalking, attracting, searching for, or lying in wait for, any wildlife by an unarmed person solely for the purpose of watching wildlife or taking pictures thereof.

FThis information was verified by IDFG in October 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Idaho, please visit idfg.idaho.gov/rules.

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Illinois

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“...It is unlawful to use the lights of any vehicle or conveyance, any light connected to any vehicle or conveyance in any area where wildlife may be found. This does not prohibit the normal use of headlamps for driving upon a roadway. Other lighting devices or mechanisms shall include, but not limited to, any device that uses infrared or other light not visible to the naked eye, electronic image intensification, active illumination, thermal imaging, or night vision except: skunk, opossum, red or gray fox, coyote, and raccoon may be harvested during the open season using a small hand-operated light by a person who is on foot and not in any vehicle.”

Coyote Hunting Regulations
“Illinois does not restrict the type of sights or scopes used for coyote hunting (including laser sights and night vision scopes).”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Illinois, please visit Hunting and Trapping Regulations.

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Indiana

Night Vision Regulations
There are no restrictions surrounding the use of night vision optics for hunting game or non-game animals as long as you are still within legal shooting hours while using night vision equipment.

Thermal Optic Regulations
“The use of infrared sensors, drones, or electronic deer calls to locate or take deer is illegal. It is also illegal to hunt or to retrieve deer with the aid of an infrared sensor or to hunt deer while possessing an electronic deer call.”

Artificial Light Regulaitons
“Spotlights may be used to take foxes and coyotes. There are no restrictions on hunting hours or firearms for hunting fox and coyote.” Other than “A continuously burning light that can be seen for at least 500 feet must be carried while pursuing fur-bearing animals between sunset and sunrise.”

This information was verified by INDFW in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Indiana, please visit DNR: Fish & Wildlife: Indiana Hunting & Trapping Guide.

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Iowa

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“Sights that project a light beam, including laser sights, are not legal for hunting. You cannot cast the rays of a spotlight, headlight, or other artificial light on a highway or in a field, woodland, or forest for the purpose of spotting, locating, taking, or attempting to take or hunt a bird or animal, while having in possession or control, either singly or as one of a group of persons, any firearm, bow or other device capable of killing or taking a bird or animal. This rule does not apply to hunting raccoons or other fur-bearing animals when they are treed with the aid of dogs. A person may use an infrared light source to hunt coyotes as long as the infrared light source is mounted to the method of take or to a scope mounted on the method of take. HOWEVER, no person shall use an infrared light source to hunt coyotes during any established muzzleloader, bow, or shotgun deer hunting season.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Iowa, please visit Iowa Hunting Licenses & Regulations.

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Kansas

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“Calls, lures, baits, and decoys may be used to take furbearers and coyotes. Laser sights may be used in taking furbearers treed by hounds. Artificial light, scopes, and equipment that amplify visible light, and thermal imaging scopes and thermal imaging equipment may be used to hunt coyotes from Jan. 1 thru March 31 (use of this equipment is not permitted on department lands and waters, including WIHA, and may not be used in conjunction with the use of a vehicle); Night Vision Equipment Permit required.”

These permits can be picked up from the Kansas DWP for $2.50.

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Kansas, please visit Hunting Regulations.

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Kentucky

Coyote Hunting Regulations
“Coyotes may be hunted year-round, day or night, with no bag limit. Hunters may only use artificial light or other means designed to make wildlife visible at night from Dec. 1 - March 31 and May 16 - June 30. Artificial light or other means designed to make wildlife visible at night cannot be connected to or cast from a mechanized vehicle.

Night Hunting Regulations
Night hunting shall not be allowed in a county or area where a deer or elk firearm or muzzleloader season is open. Night hunting for coyotes is prohibited on Kentucky lands managed by Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, Daniel Boone National Forest, George Washington and Jefferson National Forests, Land Between The Lakes National Recreation Area, Clarks River National Wildlife Refuge, and Reelfoot National Wildlife Refuge, including Beaver Creek, Cane Creek, Mill Creek, Pioneer Weapons and Redbird wildlife management areas (WMAs).”

Thermal Optics Use for Tracking/ Retrieving Game
Tracking in Kentucky is not concerned the act of hunting. Thermals can be used to track wounded game/revering game.

Recreational Wildlife Viewing with Thermal Optics
If not using as an aid to hunt, thermals would be allowed to “view” wildlife.

This information was verified by KDFWR in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Kentucky, please visit Hunting Regulations - Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife.

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Louisiana

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“On private property, the landowner, or his lessee or agent with written permission and the landowner’s contact information in his possession, may take outlaw quadrupeds, nutria or beaver during nighttime hours year-round…Such taking may be with or without the aid of artificial light, infrared or laser sighting devices, or night vision devices. Any person attempting to take outlaw quadrupeds, nutria, or beaver under the provisions of this paragraph, shall notify the sheriff of the parish in which the property is located of his intention to attempt to take outlaw quadrupeds, nutria, or beaver within 24 hours prior to the attempted taking or immediately upon taking the animal.”

Outlaw Quadruplets
Thermal scopes, as well as night vision scopes, are legal in Louisiana for hunting outlaw quadrupeds at night, year round, on private property by licensed hunters.

Outlaw Quadrupeds would include feral hogs and coyotes. They are not legal for hunting game quadrupeds( deer, bear, squirrel, rabbit).

Game Animals
The use of handheld thermals devices are allowed for the retrieval of game animals as long as the individuals is not in possession of a weapon. The use of handheld thermals are also allowed when spotting game animals as long as the individual is not actively hunting or in persuit of an aniamal/ in posession of a firearm.

This information was verified by LDWF in October 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Louisiana, please visit Seasons and Regulations | Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries.

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Maine

Thermal Hunting Game Animals
It is unlawful to use thermal imaging devices to hunt game animals. There is a minimum mandatory five-year revocation of hunting licenses for any conviction of night hunting with night vision equipment or thermal imaging equipment on any game animals.

Using Thermal Imaging Devices for Coyote Hunting
“A Coyote Night Hunting Permit is available for $4* and allows a person to hunt coyotes at night from December 16 - August 31. “At night” means a 1/2 hour after sunset until 1/2 hour before sunrise. To hunt coyotes at night, hunters must be in possession of a predator-calling device (electronic, hand-held, or mouth-operated). The use of artificial lights to hunt coyotes at night is permitted. The use of dogs to hunt coyotes at night is prohibited.”

Recreational Wildlife Viewing with Thermal Optics
It is prohibited to illiminate or “show” any game animal with the use of artificial light from September 1 to December 15. Outside of those dates, a person can use light, thermal, etc. to illuminate or spot wildlife for recreational purposes.

This information was verified by ME Fish and Wildlife in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Louisiana, please visit Laws & Rules: Hunting: Hunting & Trapping: Maine Dept of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife.

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Maryland

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“It is a violation of law to cast the rays of artificial light from a vehicle on dwellings or buildings, fields, livestock, orchards, wild mammals and birds, or woods…A person may not have a hunting device in their possession while casting rays of artificial light. Note: coyotes, foxes, opossums, or raccoons may be hunted on foot at nighttime during open season with the use of a dog and light.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Maryland, please visit Hunting in Maryland.

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Massachusetts

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
The use of artificial light is only permitted for use only on raccoons and opossums. Please see specific regulations for non-game animals below.

Raccoon & Oppossom Hunting Methods: Electronic and manual calls and artificial lights are legal. Use of dogs is permitted.

Coyote, Fox Hunting Methods: Electronic and manual calls, decoys, bait, and the use of dogs are legal. Artificial lights are prohibited.

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Massachusetts, please visit Hunting Regulations | Mass.gov.

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Michigan

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
As long as you are in compliance with furbearer regulations, it is lawful to use artificial light as well as thermal, infrared, and laser sights in the pursuit of furbearers at night.

It is unlawful to conduct the following:

• To use artificial light (including vehicle headlights) to locate wild animals at any time during November and all other days of the year between 11 p.m. and 6 a.m.
• To use an artificial light on a highway or in a field, wetland, woodland, or forest while having in your possession or control a bow and arrow, firearm, or other device capable of shooting a projectile. ( An artificial light may be used from Nov. 1-30 on property you own or property owned by a member of your immediate family if you do not have in your possession or control a bow and arrow, firearm, or other device capable of shooting a projectile.)
• It is a violation of federal law to shine at any time on any national wildlife refuge. (f you don’t have a firearm or bow and arrow while traveling on foot, you may use lights during dog training or field trials to follow dogs chasing raccoons, opossums, or foxes.)
• It is illegal to have a lighted pin sight on a bow or a scope with illuminated crosshairs may be used to hunt game during legal hunting hours. (Exception: This prohibition does not apply to pistols carried under the authority of a concealed pistol license or properly carried under the authority of a specific exemption from the requirement of a concealed pistol license. This does not authorize the individual to use the pistol to take game except as provided by law.)

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Michigan, please visit Regulation Summaries and Handbooks.

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Minnesota

Night vision equipment
Except when taking fox or coyote at night, a person may not possess any kind of night vision or thermal imaging equipment while taking wild animals or while possessing a firearm, bow, or other implement that could be used to take wild animals.

• A person legally taking coyote or fox may use night vision or thermal imaging equipment, including infrared illuminators to enhance night vision equipment. This exception does not apply when hunting other species or during the regular firearms deer season. There are additional firearms restrictions during the November deer season.

Artificial lights
Artificial lights for hunting fox and coyote (January 1 - March 15)

A person hunting for coyote or fox from January 1 - March 15 may use an artificial light (either carried in the hand or attached to the person) under all of the following conditions: While on foot and not within a public right of way
• Using a shotgun
• Using a calling device
• Not within 200 feet of a vehicle

This information was verified by MNDNR in October 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Minnesota, please visit https://www.dnr.state.mn.us/regulations/hunting/index.html.

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Mississippi

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“Raccoon, fox, opossum, beaver, and bobcats may be legally hunted at night, with or without the use of light, and with dogs, except during the spring turkey season.

Anyone who hunts or kills any deer with any lighting device is subject to a maximum fine of $5,000, five days in jail, and the loss of hunting, fishing, and trapping privileges for three years. This does not apply to a deer killed in an accident with a motor vehicle. Any equipment used to hunt or kill deer at night with a lighting device that is subject to seizure is considered contraband property and will be seized by the enforcement officer. This equipment is subject to forfeiture and may become the property of the State of Mississippi.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Mississippi, please visit https://www.mdwfp.com/law-enforcement/hunting-rules-regs.

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Missouri

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“You may not possess night vision or thermal imagery equipment while carrying a firearm, bow, or other implement used to take wildlife, except:

• To take coyotes from February 1 – March 31 in conjunction with other legal hunting methods
• For the purposes of killing feral swine by landowners or their authorized representatives on the landowner’s property
• With written authorization of an agent of the department

Electronic calls may not be used with artificial light or night-vision equipment, except when hunting coyotes from February 1 – March 31 in conjunction with other legal hunting methods.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Missouri, please visit https://mdc.mo.gov/hunting-trapping/regulations.

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Montana

Artificial Light
“It is unlawful for anyone to take or attempt to take any game animal or game bird with the aid of projected artificial light. Use of rifle scopes that project an artificial light to illuminate the target or project infra-red light visible only with specialized optics to illuminate the target are unlawful for the taking of game animals.”

Electronic Motion-tracking Devices
“It is unlawful for a person while hunting, to use any electronic motion-tracking device or mechanism that is designed to track the motion of a game animal and relay information on the animal’s movement to the hunter. Motion tracking devices are defined by F&W Commission as remote operated camera or video devices capable of transmitting real-time information, pictures, or videos; seismic devices; thermal imaging devices; and satellite and radio telemetry devices.”

Non-Game Animals
“Predators and nongame species are unprotected by federal and/or state law or regulation and can be hunted in Montana year-round without a license by both resident and nonresident hunters. The State Lands Recreational License is included in the Conservation License for the purpose of hunting, fishing, and trapping and is required to hunt predators and nongame species on state school trust lands. Permission must be obtained to hunt predators and nongame species on private land. • Predators are classified as coyote, weasel, (striped) skunk, and civet cat (spotted skunk). 7 • Nongame species are defined as any wild animal not otherwise legally classified by statute or regulation in Montana. Examples include badger, raccoon, red fox, hares, rabbits, ground squirrels, marmots, tree squirrels, porcupines, and prairie dog.”

Wolves
“Wolves may be hunted on private lands at all hours of the day or night. For night hunting on private lands, the use of artificial light, night vision scopes, infrared and thermal imaging technology is allowed”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Montana, please visit Hunting Regulations | Montana FWP.

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Nebraska

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations

Non-Game Animals
“Artificial lights may be used only while hunting on foot to take unprotected species, including coyotes and the following furbearers: badger, bobcat, gray-fox, long-tailed weasel, mink, Virginia opossum, raccoon, red fox, and striped skunk. They may not be used to take any of these species if used from or attached to a vehicle or a boat.”

This information was verified by NEGPC in October 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Nebraska, please visit https://outdoornebraska.gov/guides-maps/hunting-guides.

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Nevada

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
Some counties allow the pursuit of coyotes and mountain lions after daylight hours. Please check with your local law enforcement office for your county’s specific regulation on the matter.

Sight Regulations
“A sight attached to a firearm, bow, or crossbow may be illuminated or powered by:

1. A battery contained within the sight;
2. Light gathering fiber optics;
3. A radioactive isotope such as tritium; or
4. Iridescent or fluorescent paint.

The sight/scope may not cast or project a visible beam of light (Refer to NAC 503.145).”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Nevada, please visit https://www.ndow.org/get-outside/hunting/rules-regulations.

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New Hampshire

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“Coyotes may be hunted at night from Jan. 1 through March 31. Lights may be used, except from a motor vehicle, snowmobile, or OHRV. Coyote night hunters are restricted to shotguns, .22 caliber rimfire, muzzleloaders, or archery equipment in those towns with special rules.”

“Raccoon may be hunted at night. It is illegal to use a rifle or pistol larger than .22 caliber, or shot size larger than number 4 birdshot. It is illegal to take raccoons using a light from a motor vehicle or OHRV.”

It is unlawful to:

• Possess a firearm with ammunition, bow and arrow, or crossbow and bolt while attempting to locate or illuminate wild animals at night at any time of the year, excluding the respective coyote and raccoon seasons.
• Illuminate wild animals from Sept. 1 through Dec. 31. Moose, however, may be illuminated between 9 a.m. and 11 p.m. from Sept. 1 through the second Monday of October in Coos County.

Thermal Imaging and Big Game Hunting
There are no regulation currently related to the use of thermal imaging devices and game hunting. Therefore as long as you are following all other laws and regulations, there is not language that prevents their use.

This information was verified by NHFGD in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in New Hampshire, please visit Laws and Rules | New Hampshire Fish and Game Department.

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New Jersey

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
There are special permitted seasons for hunting Coyotes, Foxes, Opossums, and Raccoons at night with the aid of a light. Check with your local law enforcement office for specific time and firearms regulations for your intended species.

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in New Jersey, please visit Hunting | Fish & Wildlife.

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New Mexico

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
It is unlawful to “shine spotlights or other artificial lights into areas where big-game species or livestock may be present, while in possession of any sporting arm.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in New Mexico, please visit Hunting - New Mexico Department of Game & Fish.

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New York

Big Game
You may use lights to observe deer and bear under the following conditions:

• You are not within 500 feet of a home or farm building, unless you have permission from the owner or lessee.
• While in or on a motor vehicle and operating a light and no person has a firearm or bow unless:
  • the firearm is taken down or the bow is unstrung, or
  • the firearm is securely fastened in a case, or
  • the firearm is locked in the trunk of the vehicle, or
  • the firearm is a handgun.

Furbearers
You may hunt furbearers at night, with or without a light, as follows:

• You may use a light, but you may not hunt from any motor vehicle, including an ATV. All laws pertaining to the use of a spotlight and firearm apply.
• If hunting without a light, the use of a light gathering ("starlight") scope is legal on any firearm listed below.
• You may use a handgun, bow, or crossbow.
• You may use a shotgun loaded with shot (any size).
• You may hunt furbearers with a rifle chambered in any cartridge, except that during any open season for deer (including archery, muzzleloading and regular seasons) you may not possess a centerfire rifle afield, during the day or night, to hunt wildlife, including furbearers in any county or portion of a county where deer hunting with rifles is prohibited during the regular deer season. Centerfire rifles smaller than .22 caliber are permitted (e.g., .204, .17 Hornet).

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in New York, please visit Hunting - NYS Dept. of Environmental Conservation.

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North Carolina

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“It is unlawful to use artificial lights (including laser sights) and electronic or recorded calls intaking wild birds or animals except as follows:

• artificial lights may be used to retrieve harvested big game
• artificial lights may be used for taking feral swine and coyotes at night where legal.
• artificial lights may be used for taking bullfrogs.
• electronic or recorded calls are legal for crows, coyotes, and feral swine hunting.
• when hunting with dogs during open seasons, raccoons and opossums may be taken at night with the use of artificial lights commonly used to aid in taking raccoons and opossums.
• In addition to the prohibition of taking wildlife with the use of artificial light, except for big game retrieval, many counties have local regulations that prohibit shining lights on deer or searching for deer with lights 30 minutes after sunset or after 11 p.m.
• The flashing or display of any artificial light between 30 minutes after sunset and 30 minutes before sunrise in any area that is frequented or inhabited by wild deer by any person who has access to a firearm, crossbow, or other bow and arrow constitutes prima facie evidence of taking deer with the aid of an artificial light.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in North Carolina, please visit North Carolina Regulations Digest.

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North Dakota

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“Use of artificial light, night vision, thermal vision or infrared light for locating or hunting game is prohibited, except for beaver, raccoon, fox, and coyote during the open night hunting season on the animal.”

Coyote, Red Fox, and Gray Fox
“Red fox, gray fox, and coyote may be taken with firearms and pre-charged pneumatic air guns at any hour during the night hunting season from November 27 through March 15. Beginning January 8, hunters can also use archery equipment (including crossbows) for night hunting of red fox, gray fox, and coyotes. Any person who engages in the hunting of red fox, gray fox, or coyotes during the time from 30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise must hunt exclusively on foot. Red fox, gray fox, and coyote may be hunted on foot with the use of an artificial light, night vision, thermal vision, or infrared light with a power source of not more than 6 volts. The artificial light must produce a red, green, or amber color.”

Beaver and Raccoon
“Beaver and raccoon may be hunted statewide using firearms, pre-charged pneumatic air guns, and archery equipment (including crossbows) during regular hunting hours. Beaver and raccoons may be trapped statewide using traps (foothold, body-gripping, and cage traps) and underwater cable devices. Raccoons may be pursued statewide with dogs. Beaver and raccoon may also be taken at any hour of the day, while hunting on foot, with the aid of artificial lights, night vision, thermal vision, or infrared light with a power source of not more than 6 volts. The artificial light must produce a red, green, or amber color except when taking a raccoon treed or at bay. Legal firearms for flashlight hunting of beaver and raccoon are rifles or handguns firing a rimfire cartridge no larger than .22 caliber, or shotguns no larger than .410 gauge. Rifled slugs are not legal.”

Thermal Imaging Devices and Game Animals
Thermals are not allowed for locating or hunting game animals in North Dakota, including tracking/recovering wounded game or locating game animals outside of legal hunting seasons, unless otherwise stated.

This information was verified by NDGF in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in North Dakota, please visit Regulations and Hunting Guides | North Dakota Game and Fish.

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Ohio

Thermal Hunting Regulations
Thermal optics are not prohibited for hunting game and/or non-game species. There is currently no distinction between a thermal optic and any other optic or scope, just make sure you are hunting during legal hunting hours for your inteded species.

Using Thermal Devices for Tracking/ Recovery of Game
In Ohio, there is no distinction between a thermal optic and any other optic such as a monocular, binoculars, or spotting scope. You can use thermals for viewing, scouting, and hunting.

Hunting at Night
“Rifles and night vision scopes are legal for coyote and feral swine hunting; however, rifles and night hunting between 30 minutes after sunset and 30 minutes before sunrise are prohibited during any deer gun and deer muzzleloader seasons.”

This information was verified by ODNR in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Ohio, please visit Hunting and Trapping Regulations | Ohio Department of Natural Resources.

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Oklahoma

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“No person may attempt to take, take, attempt to catch, catch, attempt to capture, capture, attempt to kill, or kill any deer, feral animal or other wildlife, except fish and frogs or except as provided by law, by the use of a vehicle-mounted spotlight or other powerful light at night, by what is commonly known as “headlighting” (or “spotlighting”) or use any light enhancement device (night scope). Provided, however, nothing in this code shall prevent one from possessing a .22 caliber rimfire rifle or .22 caliber rimfire pistol and light carried on his person while in pursuit of furbearers with hounds during the legal open furbearer season, while possessing a valid hunting license and fur license, unless exempt. Except during deer gun seasons, a landowner, agricultural lessee, or their designated agent with written permission from the landowner or agricultural lessee may control nuisance or damage by coyotes or feral swine without a permit during the day or night, and without limitation by statewide season regulations or bag limits, and with the use of any legal means of take, to protect marketable agricultural crops, livestock or processed feed, seed, or other materials used in the production of an agricultural commodity. Landowners or agricultural lessees performing nuisance control activities shall be required to have a current agricultural exemption permit issued by the Oklahoma Tax Commission. A landowner, agricultural lessee, or designated agent of the landowner or lessee may use a headlight, thermal, or light enhancement device carried on the person, a vehicle with or without a mounted spotlight or night vision equipment while controlling nuisance coyotes and feral swine at night.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Oklahoma, please visit Hunting Regulations: Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation.

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Oregon

It is unlawful to

• Hunt, locate, or scout for the purpose of hunting any wildlife with infrared or other night vision sight or equipment except trail cameras.
• Use an artificial light for hunting any wildlife, except raccoons, bobcats, and opossums provided the light is not cast from or attached to a motor vehicle. This includes laser sights or any other sights which project a beam to the target, including scopes with electronic rangefinders and scopes that receive information from a rangefinder or any electronic device. This does not include battery-operated sights which only light the reticle.

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Oregon, please visit myodfw.com/big-game-hunting.

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Pennsylvania

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
It is unlawful to use any of the above in the pursuit of game animals, this includes scouting, hunting, and/or recoving an animal day or night. Furberares are the only specis in which is it legal to pursue with the aid or IR or thermal technologies.

“Electronic rangefinders, including handheld devices and those contained within a scope or archery sight can be used. This authorization may not be construed to permit a device that emits any light beam, infrared beam, ultraviolet light beam, radio beam, thermal beam, ultrasonic beam, particle beam, or other beam that is visible outside of the device or on the target, with the exception of furbearer hunters who now can use handheld and sporting-arm mounted night-vision and infrared (thermal) optics for hunting coyotes, foxes, bobcats, raccoons, striped skunks, opossums, and weasels.”

This information was verified by PGC in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Pennsylvania, please visit Hunting & Trapping Digest.

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Rhode Island

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“The use or possession of laser sights that project a beam or night-vision equipment while hunting is prohibited”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Rhode Island, please visit Hunting and Trapping Regulations for the 2023 - 2024 and 2024 - 2025 Seasons (250-RICR-60-00-9) - Rhode Island Department of State.

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South Carolina

Night Hunting Regulations
“Night hunting is unlawful except that raccoons, opossums, foxes, mink, skunk, coyotes, armadillos and hogs may be hunted at night. Raccoons, opossums, foxes, mink, and skunk may not be hunted with artificial lights except when treed or cornered with dogs. Devices that amplify light using some type of power source (including night vision and infrared devices) are considered artificial light.”

Feral Hogs and Coyotes
“Feral hogs, coyotes, and armadillos may be hunted at night on a registered property on which a person has a lawful right to hunt, using any legal firearm, bow and arrow, or crossbow. This includes the use of bait, electronic calls, artificial lights, and night vision devices. A property may be registered online on the SCDNR website (www. dnr.sc.gov/nighthunt) and must be registered annually. It is unlawful to hunt feral hogs, coyotes, and armadillos at night on property not registered with SCDNR. Persons convicted of night hunting for deer, bear, or turkey during the previous five years are ineligible to hunt feral hogs, coyotes, or armadillos at night.

In order to assess the night hunting program, the person registering the property must report to the department the number of feral hogs, coyotes, and armadillos taken under the provisions of this section within thirty days following the end of the twelve-month registration period, or prior to registering the property again. Properties for which reports have not been submitted will not be registered again until such time that reports are submitted (50-11-715).

Feral hog, coyotes, and armadillos cannot be hunted at night on WMA lands, but can be hunted during the day on WMAs where feral hog, coyote, and/or armadillo hunting is allowed. On WMA lands, weapons used to hunt feral hogs, coyotes, and armadillos are limited to the weapon(s) that are allowed for the current open season on the WMA unless otherwise specified — see WMA seasons listing in the Game Zones sections beginning on page 95, and see WMA feral hog hunting on page 105. The use of electronic calls for feral hog and coyote hunting is permitted statewide on WMA lands.”

Thermal Regulations
The above notwithstanding, it is unlawful to hunt at night in SC. Night is defined in SC Law as the period of time from one hour after official sundown to one hour before official sunrise. There are no restrictions on thermal use during the daytime.

Thermal Imaging Devices and Big Game Hunting
There would be no restrictions if the device was not mounted on a weapon and you cannot hunt at night per the above.

Using Thermal Imaging Devices for Tracking and Recovering Game Animals
There would be no restrictions if the device was not mounted on a weapon and you cannot hunt at night per the above.

Using Thermal Imaging Devices for Recreational Wildlife Viewing
There are no regulations or restrictions surrounding the use of thermal imaging devices for recreational wildlife viewing.

This information was verified by SCDNR in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in South Carolina, please visit www.dnr.sc.gov/regulations.html.

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South Dakota

Artificial Light
“Between sunset and sunrise, no person may use or possess night-vision equipment or throw or cast the rays of a spotlight, motor vehicle headlight, or other artificial light onto a highway, or into any field, pasture, woodland, forest, or prairie, for the purpose of spotting, locating, taking, attempting to take, or hunting any animal, if the person is in possession or control of a firearm, bow, or other implement by which an animal could be killed. However: » A person may use a handheld light, while the person is on foot, to take raccoons after the raccoons have been treed by dogs, or to engage in trapping activity and to take trapped fur-bearing animals. » From January 1 -August 31 a person may use night vision equipment, but not artificial light, to take jackrabbits, coyotes, beaver during its hunting season, foxes, raccoons, opossums, badgers, skunks, and rodents, provided the person is on public land and they use a shotgun and shot shells or a firearm and a cartridge having a bullet diameter of less than .225 inches. » From January 1-August 31, a person may use night vision equipment, but not artificial light, to take jackrabbits, coyotes, beaver during its hunting season, foxes, raccoons, opossums, badgers, skunks, and rodents, provided the person is on private land that is under lease to the Department of Game, Fish and Parks for the purpose of providing public access, has the permission of the landowner, and they use a shotgun and shot shells or a firearm and a cartridge having a bullet diameter of less than .225 inches. » A person may use night vision equipment and artificial light to take jackrabbits, coyotes, beaver during its hunting season, foxes, raccoons, opossums, badgers, skunks, and rodents, provided the person is on private land, and they use a shotgun and shot shells or a firearm and a cartridge having a bullet diameter of less than .225 inches. » “Artificial light” means a man-made light or lighting device that projects lumination for an unaided eye. » “Night-vision equipment” means an electronic or battery-powered device that enhances a person’s ability to see in the dark.”

Recreational Artificial Light Law
“Except as otherwise provided in “Artificial Light” above, between 10 p.m. and sunrise, from September 1 to January 31, inclusive, no person may cast the rays of a spotlight, or any artificial light other than a motor vehicle headlight, into any field, pasture, woodland, forest, or prairie, for the purpose of spotting or locating any wild animal. However, a person owning or occupying land and up to two guests may use night vision equipment, a spotlight, or other artificial light, on the person’s land.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in South Dakota, please visit gfp.sd.gov/pages/regulations.

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Tennessee

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
It is unlawful to possess “any electronic light amplifying night vision scope, thermal imaging device, or device while in possession of a firearm or archery tackle between sunset and sunrise.”

Furbearers/ Non-Game Animals
“Hunting of bullfrogs, raccoons, opossums, the chasing of foxes and rabbits, and the trapping of furbearers is permitted day or night unless restricted by Proclamation. No foxes or rabbits may be shot while chasing/training at night.”

Hogs
“Landowners have the option to “obtain a landowner wild hog exemption from their TWRA regional office. It allows extra methods of take like using a spotlight at night and allows family members and tenants that qualify under the Farmland Owner License Exemption (page 8) and up to ten additional designees to help with control efforts. For properties over 1,000 acres, an additional designee per 100 acres may be assigned. Landowners are required to report take at the end of each year for annual exemption renewal.”

Turkey
“Sighting devices including scopes are legal. Night vision, infrared, and other devices using artificial light to locate wildlife are illegal.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Tennessee, please visit General Hunting & Trapping Regulations.

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Texas

Game Animal Regulations - Artificial Light
“Sec. 62.005. HUNTING WITH LIGHT. Except as provided by Section 62.0055 or 62.0056, no person may hunt a game animal or bird protected by this code with the aid of an artificial light that casts or reflects a beam of light onto or otherwise illuminates the game animal or bird, including the headlights of a motor vehicle.”

“Sec. 62.004. HUNTING AT NIGHT. No person may hunt any wild bird, wild game bird, wild fowl, or wild game animal protected by this code at any season of the year between one-half hour after sunset and one-half hour before sunrise.”

Furbearers
“Furbearers may be hunted at night on private property with the aid of an artificial light.”

Non-Game Species
“A hunting license is required for the taking of nongame species. There are no closed seasons, bag limits, or possession limits; and, they may be hunted at any time by any lawful means or methods on private property. There may be restrictions for certain species of nongame animals, including possession limits (see below). In addition, be aware that public hunting lands may also have additional restrictions. If hunting at night, as a courtesy please contact your local game warden.”

This information was verified by TPWD in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Texas, please visit Hunting Regulations - Outdoor Annual - TPWD.

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Utah

Night Vision and Thermal Imaging Device Regulations
"Night Vision Device" means any device that enhances visible or non-visible light, including: night vision, thermal imaging, infrared imaging, or electronics that enhance the visible or nonvisible light spectrum.

With this definition in mind and according to the same rule, the following restrictions are placed on the use of specialized hunting technologies and equipment.

• A person may not use any night vision device to locate or attempt to locate a big game animal between July 31 and January 31;

This information was verified by UTDWR in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Utah, please visit Utah Hunting & Fishing Guidebooks.

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Vermont

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
“It is illegal to intentionally throw or cast the rays of a spotlight, jack, or other artificial light on any highway, or any field, woodland, or forest, in order to spot, locate, take, or attempt to spot, locate or take any wild animal. A light may be used to illuminate and shoot a raccoon once treed by a dog, or dogs, during the raccoon hunting season. A light may also be used to illuminate a raccoon once treed by a dog, or dogs, during the raccoon training season. Laser sights are illegal for hunting”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Vermont, please visit Hunting Regulations | Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department.

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Virginia

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
The use of night vision and thermal scopes are permitted when hunting the following species at night during any legal season: bobcat, coyote, feral hog, fox, opossum, raccoon, and skunk.

Furbearers
“Lights may be used as long as the light is not attached to or cast from a vehicle. Night vision scopes and laser sights may be used.”

For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Virginia, please visit Hunting & Trapping Regulations | Virginia DWR.

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Washington

Thermal Imaging and Big Game
It is unlawful to use any thermal imaging device to aid in hunting big game, day or night or whether it is affixed to a weapon or not.

“Hunting big game with the aid of an artificial light, spotlight, or night vision equipment is prohibited. Night vision equipment includes electronic light amplification devices, thermal imaging devices, and other comparable equipment used to enhance night vision. It is illegal to hunt all big game with the aid of infrared night vision equipment or with laser sights (not to include range finders) capable of projecting a beam onto the target, while in possession or control of a firearm, bow and arrow, or crossbow.”

Using Thermal Imaging to Spot, Track, and Recover Big Game
For big game, spotting/scouting with thermal imaging devices is illegal if the activity can be interpreted as hunting ("To hunt" and its derivatives means an effort to kill, injure, harass, harvest, or capture a wild animal or wild bird). If in possession of a bow, crossbow, or firearm, the activity would be illegal per WAC 220-414-010. Additionally, the use of thermal imagery is specified in RCW regarding spotlighting big game (RCW 77.15.450) and is illegal is used while hunting. Outside of hunting season or hunting situations, the Department does not regulate the use of thermal imaging devices used to view wildlife, though inappropriate use could fall under harassment regulations/rules (RCW 77.15.130).

Artificial Lighting and Coyote Hunting
“Coyote may be hunted at night with lights year-round, EXCEPT it is unlawful to hunt coyote at night during modern firearm deer or elk general seasons that occur in October and November in eastern and western Washington.”

This information was verified by WADFW in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Washington, please visit Hunting Seasons and Regulations | Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife.

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West Virginia

Artificial Light/ Night Vision/ Thermal Optics Regulations
It is unlawful to “use or attempt to use any artificial light or any night vision technology, including image intensification, thermal imaging or active illumination while hunting, locating, attracting, taking, killing or trapping wild birds or wild animals. However, artificial lights or night vision technology, including image intensification, thermal imaging, or active illumination, may be used for taking coyotes, foxes, raccoons, skunks, and opossums. Coyotes and fox may be hunted using any color artificial light in open season.”

Coyotes
“Hunting coyotes at night using any color artificial light or night vision technology, including image intensification, thermal imaging or active illumination, is permitted from Jan. 1–Dec. 31. From Sept. 1–Dec. 31, to hunt coyotes on private land, hunters or landowners must notify a local Natural Resources Police Officer or District Office and provide the hunter’s name, landowner’s name, and hunting location during working hours.”

Foxes
Fox hunting with artificial lights (includes night vision/imaging) is from the first day in January through the last day in February. No notification or application process for the fox night time season as with the coyote night time season.

This information was verified by WVDNR in October 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in West Virginia, please visit wvdnr.gov/hunting/hunting-regulations.

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Wisconsin

Artificial Light Regulations
It is illegal to “use or possess with intent to use, a light, including vehicle headlights, for shining any wild animal while hunting or in possession of a firearm, bow and arrow or crossbow. This includes laser sights on firearms, bows, and crossbows.”

Thermal Imaging Regulations
Wisconsin does not regulate thermal imaging devices for hunting as long as they don’t emit a beam of visible light. Some thermal scopes do have an infrared illuminator and those are not allowed while hunting. Outside of hunting reccoons, foxes, and coyote, all other animals must be pursued only during legal daylight hunting hours.

Unprotected Species
“Unprotected species (as well as coyote, fox, and raccoon) may be hunted without shooting hour restrictions except if hunting with a bow or crossbow during certain times of the year…. A flashlight or firearm-mounted light may be used at the point of kill while hunting on foot for coyote, raccoon, fox, or unprotected species. Lights may not be used to shine for these animals while in possession of firearm, bow or crossbow.”

This information was verified by WIDNR in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Wisconsin, please visit dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/hunt/regulations.

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Wyoming

Artificial Light Regulations
“No person shall take any wildlife with the aid of or by using any artificial light or lighting device except as provided by statute and Commission regulation. Predatory animals may be taken with the aid of an artificial light or lighting device, including thermal or infrared imaging or other light imaging by:

• A public officer authorized to and conducting predator control
• A landowner, resident manager, or person with the landowner’s or a resident manager’s written permission to take predatory animals, on land under the landowner’s control for the protection of their property.
• Any person taking a predatory animal on public or state land is subject to limitations established by the Commission.

Upcoming Changes
There are drafted regulations changes in place for the 2024-2025 hunting season in regards to hunting predatory animals with the use of thermal imaging. This has NOT been approved yet. Please be on the lookout for any upcoming changes over the upcoming months.

This information was verified by WGFD in August 2023. Make sure to check with your local law enforcement office before conducting any of the above activities for clarification on specific regulations. For more information about night vision and thermal optic use in Wyoming, please visit wgfd.wyo.gov/regulations.

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Sources:
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Various State Fish & Game Department Websites and first-hand phone calls and email correspondence